The Genetic Map of Humanity: Mutation, Migrations and Admixture
⏳🧬 The Timescale of Mutations Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that occur due to errors in replication or the action of environmental factors. They can be single base substitutions, insertions or deletions of fragments, or larger rearrangements. Most are neutral and do not directly affect the organism, but they are transmitted to offspring and accumulate over time. These mutations are the primary source of genetic variability, and their effects are complemented by other fundamental processes in population genetics: ...